Invitrogen

CD28 Monoclonal Antibody (CD28.6), Functional Grade, eBioscience™

CD28 Antibody in Flow Cytometry, Functional Assay, T-Cell Activation (Flow, Functional, TCA)

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CD28 Antibody (16-0288-81) in Flow, Functional, TCA

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 2013 - Figure 1 LZ-8 stimulates Treg expansion in murine and human CD4 + T cells. Primary murine and human CD4 + T cells were cultured for 72 h, either in the absence of stimulation as the control (CTR), in the presence of stimulation with recombinant LZ-8 antibody (rLZ-8; 1 mu g/mL), or in the presence of stimulation with anti-CD3/28 antibodies (CD3/CD28; 1 mu g/mL each, (a, b). The cells were then harveste... View More

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产品信息

16-0288-81

应用

建议稀释比

已发表文章

免疫印迹 (WB)

Assay-Dependent

流式细胞分析 (Flow)

1 µg/test

查看8篇已发表文章 8篇已发表文章

中和实验 (Neu)

Assay-Dependent

查看1篇已发表文章 1篇已发表文章

功能检测 (Functional)

Assay-Dependent

查看10篇已发表文章 10篇已发表文章

T细胞活化 (TCA)

查看3篇已发表文章 3篇已发表文章

体外检测 (IV)

查看1篇已发表文章 1篇已发表文章

其他PubMed (Misc)

查看2篇已发表文章 2篇已发表文章

产品规格

种属反应

Human

已发表种属

Human, Mouse

宿主/亚型

Mouse / IgG2a, kappa

分类

Monoclonal

类型

Antibody

克隆号

CD28.6

偶联物

Functional Grade Functional Grade Functional Grade

形式

Liquid

浓度

1 mg/mL

纯化类型

Affinity chromatography

保存液

PBS, pH 7.2

内含物

no preservative

保存条件

4° C

运输条件

Ambient (domestic); Wet ice (international)

AB_468924

产品详细信息

Description: The CD28.6 monoclonal antibody reacts with the human CD28 molecule, a 44 kDa homodimer expressed by thymocytes, mature T cells and plasma cells. CD28 is a ligand for CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) and is a potent costimulator of T cells. Signaling through CD28 augments IL-2 and IL-2 receptor expression as well as cytotoxicity of CD3-activated T cells. The CD28.6 antibody has been reported for use in immunoblotting (WB) and neutralization studies and costimulation in the production of IL-2.

Applications Reported: The CD28.6 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis, and immunoblotting (WB). The recommended titer for WB is (~1 µ/mL). CD28.6 has also been reported in in vitro functional assays, both blocking and co-stimulatory activities have been reported for this clone (please see references below).

Applications Tested: TheCD28.6 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. This can be used at less than or equal to 1 µg per test. A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest.

Storage and handling: Use in a sterile environment.

Filtration: 0.2 µm post-manufacturing filtered.

Purity: Greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Endotoxin Level: Less than 0.001 ng/µg antibody, as determined by LAL assay.

Aggregation: Less than 10%, as determined by HPLC.

靶标信息

CD28 antigen is a 44 kDa disulfide linked homodimeric T cell specific surface glycoprotein. CD28 is a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily which is constitutively expressed on most peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Moreover, CD28 is the critical T cell costimulatory receptor that provides the cell the important second activation signal by binding CD80 and CD86 which are expressed by antigen presenting cells. In addition to its co-stimulation role, CD28 functions by preventing T cells from entering an anergic-hyporesponsive state or from undergoing premature apoptotic cell death. In murine peripheral lymphoid organs and in the blood, all CD4+ and CD8+ T cells express CD28. In the thymus, CD28 expression is highest on immature CD3-, CD8+ and CD4+8+ cells, and on CD4-8- cells that express alpha/beta and gamma/delta TCR. The level of CD28 on mature CD4+ and CD8+ alpha/beta TCR+ thymocytes is two- to fourfold lower than on the immature cells. Diseases associated with CD28 dysfunction include mycosis fungiodes and Sezary's Disease.

仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。

Product References

Development of a TGFβ-IL-2/15 Switch Receptor for Use in Adoptive Cell Therapy.

Biomedicines

Beck C,Casey NP,Persiconi I,Moharrami NN,Sike A,Jin Y,Kyte JA

16-0288-81 was used in Flow Cytometry, Functional Assay, Neutralization, Western Blot, T-Cell Activation to show that the SwR-CAR constructs improved the functionality of CAR T cells in TGFβ-rich environments, as measured by T cell proliferation and survival, cytokine response, and cytotoxicity.

Sat Feb 04 00:00:00 UTC 2023

Antigen glycosylation regulates efficacy of CAR T cells targeting CD19.

Nature communications

Heard A,Landmann JH,Hansen AR,Papadopolou A,Hsu YS,Selli ME,Warrington JM,Lattin J,Chang J,Ha H,Haug-Kroeper M,Doray B,Gill S,Ruella M,Hayer KE,Weitzman MD,Green AM,Fluhrer R,Singh N

16-0288-81 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to identify post-translational modification of CD19 as a mechanism of antigen escape from CAR T cell therapy.

Sat Jun 11 00:00:00 UTC 2022

A DAP5/eIF3d alternate mRNA translation mechanism promotes differentiation and immune suppression by human regulatory T cells.

Nature communications

Volta V,Pérez-Baos S,de la Parra C,Katsara O,Ernlund A,Dornbaum S,Schneider RJ

Published figure using CD28 monoclonal antibody (Product # 16-0288-81) in Protein Assays and Analysis

Tue Nov 30 00:00:00 UTC 2021

Hepatocytes Delete Regulatory T Cells by Enclysis, a CD4⁺ T Cell Engulfment Process.

Cell reports

Davies SP,Reynolds GM,Wilkinson AL,Li X,Rose R,Leekha M,Liu YS,Gandhi R,Buckroyd E,Grove J,Barnes NM,May RC,Hubscher SG,Adams DH,Huang Y,Qureshi O,Stamataki Z

16-0288-81 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to demonstrate that hepatocytes can modulate T cell populations through engulfment of live CD4+ lymphocytes.

Tue Nov 05 00:00:00 UTC 2019

Dominant-negative IKZF1 mutations cause a T, B, and myeloid cell combined immunodeficiency.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Boutboul D,Kuehn HS,Van de Wyngaert Z,Niemela JE,Callebaut I,Stoddard J,Lenoir C,Barlogis V,Farnarier C,Vely F,Yoshida N,Kojima S,Kanegane H,Hoshino A,Hauck F,Lhermitte L,Asnafi V,Roehrs P,Chen S,Verbsky JW,Calvo KR,Husami A,Zhang K,Roberts J,Amrol D,Sleaseman J,Hsu AP,Holland SM,Marsh R,Fischer A,Fleisher TA,Picard C,Latour S,Rosenzweig SD

16-0288 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to study 7 unrelated patients with a novel early-onset combined immunodeficiency associated with de novo germline IKZF1 heterozygous mutations affecting amino acid N159 located in the DNA-binding domain of IKZF1.

Mon Jul 02 00:00:00 UTC 2018

Synovial IL-9 facilitates neutrophil survival, function and differentiation of Th17 cells in rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis research & therapy

Chowdhury K,Kumar U,Das S,Chaudhuri J,Kumar P,Kanjilal M,Ghosh P,Sircar G,Basyal RK,Kanga U,Bandyopadhaya S,Mitra DK

16-0288 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to show synovial IL-9 may contribute to rheumatoid arthritis by prolonging neutrophil survival, increasing expression of neutrphil-matrix metalloprotienase-9 and facilitating Th17 cell differentiation.

Tue Jan 30 00:00:00 UTC 2018

siRNA‑mediated knockdown of T‑bet and RORγt contributes to decreased inflammation in pre‑eclampsia.

Molecular medicine reports

Wang J,Wen ZQ,Cheng XY,Mei TY,Chen ZF,Su LX

16-0288-81 was used in T-Cell Activation to determine whether a decrease in the expression of T‚bet can restore immune balance and alleviate the systemic inflammatory response present in preeclampsia.

Wed Nov 01 00:00:00 UTC 2017

Dendritic cells accumulate in the bone marrow of myeloma patients where they protect tumor plasma cells from CD8+ T-cell killing.

Blood

Leone P,Berardi S,Frassanito MA,Ria R,De Re V,Cicco S,Battaglia S,Ditonno P,Dammacco F,Vacca A,Racanelli V

16-0288 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to suggest that DCs activate CD81 T-cells against tumor plasma cells, but nullify this activation by protecting tumor plasma cells.

Thu Sep 17 00:00:00 UTC 2015

Fatal autoimmunity in mice reconstituted with human hematopoietic stem cells encoding defective FOXP3.

Blood

Goettel JA,Biswas S,Lexmond WS,Yeste A,Passerini L,Patel B,Yang S,Sun J,Ouahed J,Shouval DS,McCann KJ,Horwitz BH,Mathis D,Milford EL,Notarangelo LD,Roncarolo MG,Fiebiger E,Marasco WA,Bacchetta R,Quintana FJ,Pai SY,Klein C,Muise AM,Snapper SB

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to develop mouse stains that express human leukocyte antigen DR1 rather than murine MHC class II, displaying fatal autoimmunity following reconstituted with human hematopoietic stem cells encoding defective FOXP3.

Thu Jun 18 00:00:00 UTC 2015

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells harness purinergenic signaling to tolerize human Th1 cells in vivo.

Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)

Amarnath S,Foley JE,Farthing DE,Gress RE,Laurence A,Eckhaus MA,Métais JY,Rose JJ,Hakim FT,Felizardo TC,Cheng AV,Robey PG,Stroncek DE,Sabatino M,Battiwalla M,Ito S,Fowler DH,Barrett AJ

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to investigate the mechanism of BMSC in treatment of alloimmune and autoimmune conditions, showing that they harness purinergenic signaling to tolerize human Th1 cells.

Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 UTC 2015

Large-Scale Purification of r28M: A Bispecific scFv Antibody Targeting Human Melanoma Produced in Transgenic Cattle.

PloS one

Spiesberger K,Paulfranz F,Egger A,Reiser J,Vogl C,Rudolf-Scholik J,Mayrhofer C,Grosse-Hovest L,Brem G

16-0288 was used in an ELISA assay to study how the bispecific scFv antibody r28M produced in transgenic cattle targets human melanoma.

Mon Jun 27 00:00:00 UTC 2016

CD28 and CD3 have complementary roles in T-cell traction forces.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Bashour KT,Gondarenko A,Chen H,Shen K,Liu X,Huse M,Hone JC,Kam LC

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to show that the T-cell receptor (TCR) coreceptor CD3 and CD28 provide complementary functions in regulating cellular forces.

Tue Feb 11 00:00:00 UTC 2014

A truncated human NKG2D splice isoform negatively regulates NKG2D-mediated function.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Karimi MA,Aguilar O,Zou B,Bachmann MH,Carlyle JR,Baldwin CL,Kambayashi T

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to characterise a novel splice variant of human NKG2D that encodes a truncated receptor lacking the ligand-binding ectodomain.

Mon Sep 15 00:00:00 UTC 2014

Akt-dependent enhanced migratory capacity of Th17 cells from children with lupus nephritis.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Kshirsagar S,Riedl M,Billing H,Tönshoff B,Thangavadivel S,Steuber C,Staude H,Wechselberger G,Edelbauer M

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to determine that therapeutic modulation of Akt activity could suppress chronic inflammatory processes in children with lupus.

Sat Nov 15 00:00:00 UTC 2014

IL-4 confers resistance to IL-27-mediated suppression on CD4+ T cells by impairing signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 signaling.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Chen Z,Wang S,Erekosima N,Li Y,Hong J,Qi X,Merkel P,Nagabhushanam V,Choo E,Katial R,Alam R,Trikha A,Chu HW,Zhuang Y,Jin M,Bai C,Huang H

16-0288 was used in Neutralization experiments to explore the mechanisms by which CD4(+) T cells from asthmatic patients resist IL-27-mediated inhibition.

Tue Oct 01 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Augmented ICOS expression in patients with early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

Hasegawa M,Fujimoto M,Matsushita T,Hamaguchi Y,Takehara K

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to determine the contribution of ICOS signalling to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis during early progressive disease.

Fri Feb 01 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Reishi Protein LZ-8 Induces FOXP3(+) Treg Expansion via a CD45-Dependent Signaling Pathway and Alleviates Acute Intestinal Inflammation in Mice.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Hsu HY,Kuan YC,Lin TY,Tsao SM,Hsu J,Ma LJ,Sheu F

16-0288 was used in in vitro experiments to study the regulatory function of the immunomodulatory protein, LZ-8, in FOXP3+ Treg cell expansion.

Thu Jul 18 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Reishi Protein LZ-8 Induces FOXP3(+) Treg Expansion via a CD45-Dependent Signaling Pathway and Alleviates Acute Intestinal Inflammation in Mice.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Hsu HY,Kuan YC,Lin TY,Tsao SM,Hsu J,Ma LJ,Sheu F

16-0288 was used in in vitro experiments to study the regulatory function of the immunomodulatory protein, LZ-8, in FOXP3+ Treg cell expansion.

Thu Jul 18 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Reishi Protein LZ-8 Induces FOXP3(+) Treg Expansion via a CD45-Dependent Signaling Pathway and Alleviates Acute Intestinal Inflammation in Mice.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Hsu HY,Kuan YC,Lin TY,Tsao SM,Hsu J,Ma LJ,Sheu F

16-0288 was used in in vitro experiments to study the regulatory function of the immunomodulatory protein, LZ-8, in FOXP3+ Treg cell expansion.

Thu Jul 18 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Reishi Protein LZ-8 Induces FOXP3(+) Treg Expansion via a CD45-Dependent Signaling Pathway and Alleviates Acute Intestinal Inflammation in Mice.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Hsu HY,Kuan YC,Lin TY,Tsao SM,Hsu J,Ma LJ,Sheu F

16-0288 was used in in vitro experiments to study the regulatory function of the immunomodulatory protein, LZ-8, in FOXP3+ Treg cell expansion.

Thu Jul 18 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Myeloid suppressor cells induced by hepatitis C virus suppress T-cell responses through the production of reactive oxygen species.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

Tacke RS,Lee HC,Goh C,Courtney J,Polyak SJ,Rosen HR,Hahn YS

16-0288 was used in Magnetic cell separation to examine the mechanism for HCV-mediated T-cell dysfunction.

Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 UTC 2012

Hypoxia potentiates glioma-mediated immunosuppression.

PloS one

Wei J,Wu A,Kong LY,Wang Y,Fuller G,Fokt I,Melillo G,Priebe W,Heimberger AB

16-0288 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to compare the immunosuppressive properties of glioblastoma multiforme associated cancer stem cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, showing that hypoxia potentiated inhibition of T cell activity and macrophage phagocytosis, mediated by STAT3, HIF-1α and VEGF.

Thu Jan 20 00:00:00 UTC 2011

Glioma cancer stem cells induce immunosuppressive macrophages/microglia.

Neuro-oncology

Wu A,Wei J,Kong LY,Wang Y,Priebe W,Qiao W,Sawaya R,Heimberger AB

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to investigate the role of glioma cancer stem cells (gCSCs) in recruiting and polarising macrophages/microglia, showing that gCSCs modulate innate immunity by inducing immunosuppressive MΦs/microglia.

Mon Nov 01 00:00:00 UTC 2010

Glioblastoma cancer-initiating cells inhibit T-cell proliferation and effector responses by the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 pathway.

Molecular cancer therapeutics

Wei J,Barr J,Kong LY,Wang Y,Wu A,Sharma AK,Gumin J,Henry V,Colman H,Priebe W,Sawaya R,Lang FF,Heimberger AB

16-0288 was used in Functional assays to investigate the mechanism by which glioblastoma cancer-initiating cells inhibit T cell proliferation and effector responses.